List of Allium species
Allium is a genus with 600-920 species, making it one of the largest plant genera in the world.[1][2][3]
As of March 2014[update], the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepts 1078 species:[3]
A
[edit]- Allium aaseae Ownbey – South Idaho onion
- Allium abanticum Brullo & Salmeri
- Allium abbasii R.M.Fritsch
- Allium abramsii (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal – Abrams' allium
- Allium acidoides Stearn
- Allium aciphyllum J.M.Xu
- Allium acuminatum Hook. – tapertip onion
- Allium acutiflorum Loisel.
- Allium adenanthum Brullo & Salmeri
- Allium adiyamanense Yıld. & Kılıç
- Allium aegilicum Tzanoud.
- Allium aeginiense Brullo, Giusso & Terrasi
- Allium aetnense Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium affine Ledeb.
- Allium afghanicum Wendelbo
- Allium aflatunense B.Fedtsch.
- Allium × agarmyschicum N.Friesen & Seregin
- Allium agrigentinum Brullo & Pavone
- Allium akaka S.G.Gmel. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium akirense N.Friesen & Fragman[4]
- Allium aksekiense Özhatay, Koyuncu & E.Kaya
- Allium aktauense F.O.Khass. & Esankulov
- Allium alabasicum Y.Z.Zhao
- Allium aladaghense Memariani & Joharchi
- Allium alaicum Vved.
- Allium alamutense Razyfard, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium alaschanicum Y.Z.Zhao
- Allium albanicum Brullo, C.Brullo, Cambria, Giusso & Salmeri
- Allium albiflorum Omelczuk
- Allium albotunicatum O.Schwarz
- Allium albovianum Vved.
- Allium alekii R.M.Fritsch & M.V.Agab.
- Allium alexandrae Vved.
- Allium alexeianum Regel
- Allium alibile A.Rich.
- Allium alpinarii Özhatay & Kollmann
- Allium altaicum Pall.
- Allium altissimum Regel
- Allium altoatlanticum Seregin
- Allium altyncolicum N.Friesen
- Allium amethystinum Tausch
- Allium ampeloprasum L. – Broadleaf wild leek
- Allium amphibolum Ledeb.
- Allium amplectens Torr. – Narrowleaf onion
- Allium anacoleum Hand.-Mazz.
- Allium anatolicum Özhatay & B.Mathew
- Allium anceps Kellogg – twinleaf onion
- Allium angulosum L. – Mouse garlic
- Allium anisopodium Ledeb. – thread-leaf chive[5]
- Allium anisotepalum Vved.
- Allium ankarense Yıld.
- Allium antalyense Eren, Çinbilgel & Parolly
- Allium antiatlanticum Emb. & Maire
- Allium anzalonei Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium apergii Trigas, Iatroú & Tzanoud.
- Allium apolloniense Biel, Kit Tan & Tzanoud.
- Allium apulum Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium arampatzisii Ioannidis & Tzanoud.
- Allium archeotrichon Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium arkitense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium arlgirdense Blakelock
- Allium armenum Boiss. & Kotschy
- Allium armerioides Boiss.
- Allium aroides Popov & Vved.
- Allium arsuzense Eker & Koyuncu
- Allium artemisietorum Eig & Feinbrun
- Allium asarense R.M.Fritsch & Matin
- Allium ascalonicum L. – shallot
- Allium aschersonianum Barbey
- Allium asclepiadeum Bornm.
- Allium asirense B.Mathew
- Allium asperiflorum Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium assadii Seisums
- Allium atropurpureum Waldst. & Kit. – purple-flowered onion
- Allium atrorubens S.Watson – dark red onion
- Allium atrosanguineum Schrenk
- Allium atroviolaceum Boiss.
- Allium aucheri Boiss.
- Allium auriculatum Kunth
- Allium austrodanubiense N.Friesen & Seregin
- Allium austroiranicum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium austrokyushuense M.Hotta
- Allium austrosibiricum N.Friesen
- Allium autumnale P.H.Davis
- Allium autumniflorum F.O.Khass. & Akhani
- Allium aybukeae H.Duman & Eksi
- Allium ayhan-toprakii Yıldırım
- Allium azaurenum Gomb.
- Allium aznavense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium azutavicum Kotukhov
B
[edit]- Allium backhousianum Regel
- Allium baekdusanense Y.N.Lee
- Allium baeticum Boiss.
- Allium bajtulinii Bajtenov & I.I.Kamenetskaya
- Allium bakhtiaricum Regel
- Allium balansae Boiss.
- Allium balcanicum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium balkhanicum (R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass.) R.M.Fritsch
- Allium baluchistanicum Wendelbo
- Allium barsczewskii Lipsky
- Allium barthianum Asch. & Schweinf.
- Allium basalticum Fragman & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium bassitense J.Thiébaut
- Allium baytopiorum Kollmann & Özhatay – Baytop's onion
- Allium beesianum W.W.Sm.
- Allium bekeczalicum Lazkov
- Allium bellulum Prokh.
- Allium beypazariense Koçyiğit, Özhatay & E.Kaya
- Allium bidentatum Fisch. ex Prokh. & Ikonn.-Gal.
- Allium bigelovii[6] (also A. bigelowii[7]) S.Watson
- Allium bilgeae Yıld.
- Allium bilgilii H.Duman & Eksi
- Allium bingoelense Yıld. & Kılıç
- Allium birkinshawii Mouterde
- Allium bisceptrum S.Watson – twincrest onion, Aspen onion
- Allium bisotunense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium blandum Wall.
- Allium blomfieldianum Asch. & Schweinf.
- Allium boissieri Regel
- Allium bolanderi S.Watson – Bolander's onion
- Allium bornmuelleri Hayek
- Allium borszczowii Regel
- Allium botschantzevii Kamelin
- Allium bourgeaui Rech.f.
- Allium brachyodon Boiss.
- Allium brachyscapum Vved.
- Allium brachyspathum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium bracteolatum Wendelbo
- Allium brandegeei S.Watson – Brandegee's onion
- Allium brevicaule Boiss. & Balansa
- Allium brevidens Vved.
- Allium brevidentatum F.Z.Li
- Allium brevidentiforme Vved.
- Allium brevipes Ledeb.
- Allium breviscapum Stapf
- Allium brevistylum S.Watson – shortstyle onion
- Allium brulloi Salmeri
- Allium brussalisii Tzanoud. & Kypr.
- Allium bucharicum Regel
- Allium bungei Boiss.
- Allium burdickii (Hanes) A.G.Jones
- Allium burjaticum N.Friesen
- Allium burlewii Davidson – Burlew's onion
C
[edit]- Allium caeruleum Pall.
- Allium caesioides Wendelbo
- Allium caesium Schrenk
- Allium caespitosum Siev. ex Bong. & C.A. Mey.
- Allium calabrum (N.Terracc.) Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium calamarophilon Phitos & Tzanoud.
- Allium callidyction C.A.Mey. ex Kunth
- Allium callimischon Link
- Allium calocephalum Wendelbo
- Allium calyptratum Boiss.
- Allium campanulatum S.Watson – dusky onion
- Allium canadense L. – meadow garlic, wild garlic
- Allium canariense (Regel) N.Friesen & P.Schönfelder
- Allium candargyi Karavok. & Tzanoud.
- Allium candolleanum Albov
- Allium capitellatum Boiss.
- Allium cappadocicum Boiss. & Balansa
- Allium caput-medusae Airy Shaw
- Allium cardiostemon Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- Allium carinatum L. – keeled garlic
- Allium carium Brullo & Salmeri
- Allium carmeli Boiss.
- Allium caroli-henrici Wendelbo
- Allium carolinianum Redouté
- Allium caspium (Pall.) M.Bieb.
- Allium cassium Boiss.
- Allium castellanense (Garbari, Miceli & Raimondo) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium cathodicarpum Wendelbo
- Allium cepa L. – garden onion
- Allium cephalonicum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium cernuum Roth – nodding onion, wild onion, lady's leek
- Allium chalcophengos Airy Shaw
- Allium chalkii Tzanoud. & Kollmann
- Allium chamaemoly L.
- Allium chamaespathum Boiss.
- Allium chamarense M.M.Ivanova
- Allium changduense J.M.Xu
- Allium chienchuanense J.M.Xu
- Allium chinense G.Don – rakkyo
- Allium chitralicum F.T.Wang & Tang
- Allium chiwui F.T.Wang & Tang
- Allium chloranthum Boiss.
- Allium chloroneurum Boiss.
- Allium chlorotepalum R.M.Fritsch & M.Jaeger
- Allium chodsha-bakirganicum Gaffarov & Turak.
- Allium choriotepalum Wendelbo
- Allium chorkessaricum F.O.Khass. & Tojibaev
- Allium chrysantherum Boiss. & Reut.
- Allium chrysanthum Regel
- Allium chrysocephalum Regel
- Allium chychkanense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium circassicum Kolak.
- Allium circinatum Sieber
- Allium circumflexum Wendelbo
- Allium cirrhosum Vand.
- Allium cisferganense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium cithaeronis Bogdanovic, C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso, Musarella & Salmeri
- Allium clathratum Ledeb.
- Allium clausum Vved.
- Allium clivorum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium colchicifolium Boiss.
- Allium columbianum (Ownbey & Mingrone) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg – Columbian onion
- Allium commutatum Guss.
- Allium compactatum Brullo & Salmeri
- Allium condensatum Turcz. – Oriental yellow chive[5]
- Allium confragosum Vved.
- Allium consanguineum Kunth
- Allium constrictum (Ownbey & Mingrone) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg – Grand Coulee onion
- Allium convallarioides Grossh.
- Allium corsicum Jauzein, J.-M.Tison, Deschâtres & H.Couderc
- Allium coryi M.E.Jones – yellowflower onion
- Allium costatovaginatum Kamelin & Levichev
- Allium crameri Asch. & Boiss.
- Allium cratericola Eastw. – cascade onion
- Allium cremnophilum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium crenulatum Wiegand
- Allium cretaceum N.Friesen & Seregin
- Allium crispum Greene – crinkled onion
- Allium cristophii Trautv.
- Allium croaticum Bogdanovic
- Allium crystallinum Vved.
- Allium cucullatum Wendelbo
- Allium cupani Raf.
- Allium cupuliferum Regel
- Allium curtum Boiss. & Gaill.
- Allium cuthbertii Small – striped garlic
- Allium cyaneum Regel
- Allium cyathophorum Bureau & Franch.
- Allium cylleneum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium cyprium Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium cyrilli Ten.
- Allium czelghauricum Bordz. – Czelghaurian onion
- Allium czemalense (N.Friesen) N.Friesen
D
[edit]- Allium daghestanicum Grossh.
- Allium damascenum Feinbrun
- Allium daninianum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium darwasicum Regel
- Allium dasyphyllum Vved.
- Allium decaisnei C.Presl
- Allium deciduum Özhatay & Kollmann
- Allium decipiens Fisch. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium decoratum Turginov & Tojibaev
- Allium delicatulum Siev. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium deneliae Balos
- Allium dentigerum Prokh.
- Allium denudatum Redouté
- Allium derderianum Regel
- Allium deserti-syriaci Feinbrun
- Allium desertorum Forssk.
- Allium diabolense (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal – wild onion
- Allium dichlamydeum Greene – coastal onion
- Allium dictuon H.St.John – blue mountain onion
- Allium dictyoprasum C.A.Mey. ex Kunth
- Allium dictyoscordum Vved.
- Allium dilatatum Zahar.
- Allium dinsmorei Rech.f.
- Allium diomedeum Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium dirphianum Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone, Salmeri & Terrasi
- Allium djimilense Boiss. ex Regel
- Allium dodecadontum Vved.
- Allium dodecanesi Karavok. & Tzanoud.
- Allium doenmezii Mutlu & Karakus
- Allium dolichomischum Vved.
- Allium dolichostylum Vved.
- Allium dolichovaginatum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium douglasii Hook. – Douglas' onion
- Allium drobovii Vved.
- Allium drummondii Regel – Drummond's onion, prairie onion
- Allium drusorum Feinbrun
- Allium dshungaricum Vved.
- Allium ducissae Bartolucci, Iocchi & F.Conti
- Allium dumebuchum H.J.Choi
- Allium dumetorum Feinbrun & Szel.
- Allium durangoense Traub
E
[edit]- Allium ebusitanum Font Quer
- Allium eduardi Stearn ex Airy Shaw
- Allium efeae Özhatay & I.Genç
- Allium egorovae M.V.Agab. & Ogan.
- Allium ekeri E.Kaya & Koçyigit
- Allium ekimianum Eksi, Koyuncu & Özkan
- Allium elaounii El Mokni
- Allium elburzense Wendelbo
- Allium eldivanense Özhatay
- Allium elegans Drobow
- Allium elegantulum Kitag.
- Allium ellisii Hook.f.
- Allium elmaliense Deniz & Sümbül
- Allium elmendorfii M.E.Jones ex Ownbey – Elmendorf's onion
- Allium enginii Özhatay & B.Mathew
- Allium erdelii Zucc.
- Allium eremoprasum Vved.
- Allium ericetorum Thore
- Allium eriocoleum Vved.
- Allium ertugrulii Demir. & Uysal
- Allium erubescens K.Koch
- Allium erythraeum Griseb.
- Allium erzincanicum Özhatay & Kandemir
- Allium esfahanicum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium esfandiarii Matin
- Allium euboicum Rech.f.
- Allium eugenii Vved.
- Allium eulae Cory ex T.M.Howard
- Allium eurotophilum Wiggins
- Allium eusperma Airy Shaw
- Allium exaltatum (Meikle) Brullo, Pavone, Salmeri & Venora
- Allium exile Boiss. & Orph.
F
[edit]- Allium falcifolium Hook. & Arn. – scytheleaf onion
- Allium fanjingshanense C.D.Yang & G.Q.Gou
- Allium fantasmasense Traub
- Allium farashinense Balos & Geçit
- Allium farctum Wendelbo
- Allium farreri Stearn
- Allium fasciculatum Rendle
- Allium favosum Zahar.
- Allium fedtschenkoi Nábelek
- Allium feinbergii Oppenh.
- Allium feqiyeteyranii Fırat
- Allium ferganicum Vved.
- Allium fethiyense Özhatay & B.Mathew
- Allium fetisowii Regel
- Allium fibriferum Wendelbo
- Allium fibrillum M.E.Jones – blue Mountain onion
- Allium filidens Regel
- Allium filidentiforme Vved.
- Allium fimbriatum S.Watson – fringed onion
- Allium fistulosum L. – Welsh onion
- Allium flavellum Vved.
- Allium flavescens Besser
- Allium flavidum Ledeb.
- Allium flavum L. – yellow onion
- Allium formosum Sennikov & Lazkov
- Allium forrestii Diels
- Allium franciniae Brullo & Pavone
- Allium fraseri (Ownbey) Shinners
- Allium frigidum Boiss. & Heldr.
- Allium fritschii F.O.Khass. & Yengal.
- Allium funckiifolium Hand.-Mazz.
- Allium furkatii R.M.Fritsch
- Allium fuscoviolaceum Fomin
- Allium fuscum Waldst. & Kit.
- Allium fussii A.Kern.
G
[edit]- Allium gabardaghense Firat
- Allium galanthum Kar. & Kir.
- Allium galileum Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium garbarii Peruzzi
- Allium garganicum Brullo, Pavone, Salmeri & Terrasi
- Allium gasyunense Mouterde
- Allium gemiciana Yıld. & Kılıç
- Allium geyeri S.Watson – Geyer's onion
- Allium giganteum Regel
- Allium gilanense Bagheri & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium gilgiticum F.T.Wang & Tang
- Allium gillii Wendelbo
- Allium glaciale Vved.
- Allium glandulosum Link & Otto – gland onion
- Allium glomeratum Prokh.
- Allium glumaceum Boiss. & Hausskn.
- Allium goekyigitii Ekim, H.Duman & Güner
- Allium goloskokovii Vved.
- Allium gomphrenoides Boiss. & Heldr.
- Allium gooddingii Ownbey – Goodding's onion
- Allium gorumsense (Regel) Boiss.
- Allium goulimyi Tzanoud.
- Allium goumenissanum Ioannidis & Tzanoud.
- Allium gracillimum Vved.
- Allium gramineum K.Koch
- Allium grande Lipsky
- Allium graveolens (R.M.Fritsch) R.M.Fritsch
- Allium greuteri Brullo & Pavone
- Allium griffithianum Boiss.
- Allium grisellum J.M.Xu
- Allium grosii Font Quer
- Allium grumm-grshimailoi Kamelin & Namz.
- Allium guanxianense J.M.Xu
- Allium guatemalense Traub
- Allium gubanovii Kamelin
- Allium guicciardii Heldr.
- Allium gunibicum Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium gusaricum Regel
- Allium guttatum Steven
- Allium gypsaceum Popov & Vved.
- Allium gypsodictyum Vved.
H
[edit]- Allium habibii F.O.Khass.
- Allium haemanthoides Boiss. & Reut. ex Regel
- Allium haematochiton S.Watson – redskin onion
- Allium halfetiense Balos
- Allium hamedanense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium hamrinense Hand.-Mazz.
- Allium haneltii F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium haussknechtii Nábelek
- Allium hedgei Wendelbo
- Allium heldreichii Boiss.
- Allium helicophyllum Vved.
- Allium hemisphaericum (Sommier) Brullo
- Allium henryi C.H.Wright
- Allium herderianum Regel
- Allium hermoneum (Kollmann & Shmida) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium heteronema F.T.Wang & Tang
- Allium heterophyllum D.F.Xie & X.J.He
- Allium hexaceras Vved.
- Allium hickmanii Eastw. – Hickman's onion
- Allium hierosolymorum Regel
- Allium hindukuschense Kamelin & Seisums
- Allium hintoniorum B.L.Turner
- Allium hippocraticum Brullo & Salmeri
- Allium hirtovaginatum Kunth
- Allium hirtovaginum Candargy
- Allium hissaricum Vved.
- Allium hoffmanii Ownbey ex Traub – beegum onion
- Allium hollandicum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium hookeri Thwaites
- Allium hooshidaryae Mashayekhi, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium horvatii Lovrić
- Allium hoshabicum Firat
- Allium howellii Eastw. – Howell's onion
- Allium huber-morathii Kollmann, Özhatay & Koyuncu
- Allium humile Kunth
- Allium huntiae Traub
- Allium hyalinum Curran – glassy onion
- Allium hymenorhizum Ledeb.
- Allium hymettium Boiss. & Heldr.
- Allium hypsistum Stearn
I
[edit]- Allium ilgazense Özhatay
- Allium iliense Regel
- Allium inaequale Janka
- Allium incomptum Kierstead & Lindstrand
- Allium inconspicuum Vved.
- Allium incrustatum Vved.
- Allium inderiense Fisch. ex Bunge
- Allium inops Vved.
- Allium insubricum Boiss. & Reut.
- Allium insufficiens Vved.
- Allium integerrimum Zahar.
- Allium intradarvazicum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium inutile Makino
- Allium ionandrum Wendelbo
- Allium ionicum Brullo & Tzanoud.
- Allium iranicum (Wendelbo) Wendelbo
- Allium iranshahrii R.M.Fritsch
- Allium isakulii R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass.
- Allium isauricum Hub.-Mor. & Wendelbo
- Allium israeliticum Fragman & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium istanbulense Özhatay, Koçyigit, Brullo & Salmeri
- Allium ivasczenkoae Kotukhov
- Allium izmirense Pirhan
J
[edit]- Allium jacquemontii Kunth
- Allium jaegeri R.M.Fritsch
- Allium jakuticum Sinitsyna & N.Friesen
- Allium jaxarticum Vved.
- Allium jepsonii (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) S.S.Denison & McNeal – Jepson's onion
- Allium jesdianum Boiss. & Buhse
- Allium jichouense X.G.Ma, H.Sun & D.Q.Huang
- Allium jodanthum Vved.
- Allium joharchii F.O.Khass. & Memariani
- Allium jubatum J.F.Macbr.
- Allium jucundum Vved.
- Allium judaeum Ben-Natan & Fragman
- Allium juldusicola Regel
- Allium julianum Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov
- Allium junceum Sm.
K
[edit]- Allium kandemirii I.Genç & Özhatay
- Allium karacae Koyuncu
- Allium karamanoglui Koyuncu & Kollmann
- Allium karataviense Regel
- Allium karelinii Poljak.
- Allium karistanum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium karsianum Fomin
- Allium karvounis Brullo, Giusso & Musarella
- Allium karyeteini Post
- Allium kaschianum Regel
- Allium kastambulense Kollmann
- Allium kasteki Popov
- Allium kayae Özhatay & Koyuncu
- Allium kazerouni Parsa
- Allium keeverae D.B.Poind., Weakley & P.J.Williams
- Allium kermesinum Rchb.
- Allium keusgenii R.M.Fritsch
- Allium kharputense Freyn & Sint.
- Allium khozratense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium kiiense (Murata) Hir.Takah.bis & M.Hotta
- Allium kingdonii Stearn
- Allium kirilovii N.Friesen & Seregin
- Allium kirindicum Bornm.
- Allium koelzii (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo
- Allium koenigianum Grossh.
- Allium kokanicum Regel
- Allium koksuense R.M.Fritsch, N.Friesen & S.V.Smirn.
- Allium kollmannianum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium komarowii Lipsky
- Allium kondarinum Kamelin
- Allium kopetdagense Vved.
- Allium kopsedorum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium koreanum H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh – Korean rocky chive[5]
- Allium korolkowii Regel
- Allium kossoricum Fomin
- Allium kotschyi Boiss.
- Allium koyuncui H.Duman & Özhatay
- Allium kuhrangense Akhavan, Saeidi & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium kuhsorkhense R.M.Fritsch & Joharchi
- Allium kujukense Vved.
- Allium kunthianum Vved.
- Allium kuramense F.O.Khass. & N.Friesen
- Allium kurdistanicum Maroofi & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium kurssanovii Popov
- Allium kurtzianum Asch. & Sint. ex Kollmann
- Allium kwakense (R.M.Fritsch) R.M.Fritsch
- Allium kysylkumi Kamelin
L
[edit]- Allium lachnophyllum Paine
- Allium lacunosum S.Watson – pitted onion
- Allium lagarophyllum Brullo, Pavone & Tzanoud.
- Allium lalesaricum Freyn & Bornm.
- Allium lamondiae Wendelbo
- Allium lasiophyllum Vved.
- Allium latifolium Jaub. & Spach
- Allium lazikkiyense Koçyigit, Özhatay & E.Kaya
- Allium ledebourianum Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium lefkadense Brullo, Giusso & Musarella
- Allium lehmannianum Merckl. ex Bunge
- Allium lehmannii Lojac.
- Allium lemmonii S.Watson – Lemmon's onion
- Allium lenkoranicum Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium lepsicum R.M.Fritsch, N.Friesen & S.V.Smirn.
- Allium leptomorphum Vved.
- Allium leucanthum K.Koch
- Allium leucocephalum Turcz. ex Ledeb.
- Allium leucosphaerum Aitch. & Baker
- Allium levichevii F.O.Khass., Esankulov & Sulejm.
- Allium libani Boiss.
- Allium lilacinum Klotzsch
- Allium liliputianum Koçyigit, Özhatay & E.Kaya
- Allium lineare L.
- Allium linearifolium H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh – linear-leaf chive[5]
- Allium lipskyanum Vved.
- Allium listera Stearn
- Allium litardierei J.-M.Tison
- Allium litvinovii Drobow ex Vved.
- Allium lojaconoi Brullo, Lanfr. & Pavone
- Allium longanum Pamp.
- Allium longicollum Wendelbo
- Allium longifolium (Kunth) Spreng.
- Allium longipapillatum R.M.Fritsch & Matin
- Allium longiradiatum (Regel) Vved.
- Allium longisepalum Bertol.
- Allium longispathum Redouté
- Allium longistylum Baker – riverside chive[5]
- Allium longivaginatum Wendelbo
- Allium lopadusanum Bartolo, Brullo & Pavone
- Allium loratum Baker
- Allium lusitanicum Lam.
- Allium luteolum Halácsy
- Allium lutescens Vved.
- Allium lycaonicum Siehe ex Hayek
M
[edit]- Allium maackii (Maxim.) Prokh. ex Kom.
- Allium macedonicum Zahar.
- Allium machmelianum Post
- Allium macleanii Baker
- Allium macranthum Baker
- Allium macrochaetum Boiss. & Hausskn.
- Allium macropetalum Rydb. – largeflower wild onion, desert onion
- Allium macrostemon Bunge – long-stamen chive[5]
- Allium macrostylum Regel
- Allium macrum S.Watson – rock onion
- Allium madidum S.Watson – swamp onion
- Allium maghrebinum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium mahneshanense Razyfard, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium mairei H.Lév.
- Allium majus Vved.
- Allium makrianum C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso & Salmeri
- Allium malyschevii N.Friesen
- Allium maniaticum Brullo & Tzanoud.
- Allium mannii Traub & T.M.Howard
- Allium maowenense J.M.Xu
- Allium maraschicum Koçyigit & Özhatay
- Allium marathasicum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium mardinense Balos, Akan & Yıldırım
- Allium mareoticum Bornm. & Gauba
- Allium margaritae B.Fedtsch.
- Allium margaritiferum Vved.
- Allium marginatum Janka
- Allium marmoratum Seregin
- Allium marschallianum Vved.
- Allium massaessylum Batt. & Trab.
- Allium materculae Bordz.
- Allium matiniae N.Friesen & M.Abbasi
- Allium mauritanicum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium maximowiczii Regel – Oriental chive[5]
- Allium megalobulbon Regel
- Allium mehmetyascharii Eker
- Allium meikleanum Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri
- Allium melanantherum Pančić
- Allium melananthum Coincy
- Allium melanogyne Greuter
- Allium melitense (Sommier & Caruana ex Borg) Cif. & Giacom.
- Allium melliferum Traub
- Allium membranaceum Ownbey ex Traub – papery onion
- Allium meronense Fragman & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium meteoricum Heldr. & Hausskn. ex Halácsy
- Allium mexicanum Traub
- Allium michaelis F.O.Khass. & Tojibaev
- Allium michoacanum Traub
- Allium micranthum Wendelbo
- Allium microdictyon Prokh.
- Allium microspathum Ekberg
- Allium minus (S.O.Yu, S.Lee & W.Lee) H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh – Manchurian aging chive[5]
- Allium minutiflorum Regel
- Allium minutum Vved.
- Allium mirum Wendelbo
- Allium mirzajevii Tscholok.
- Allium moderense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium mogianense (R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass.) F.O.Khass. & Yusupov
- Allium moly L. – golden garlic, Lily leek
- Allium monachorum Stepanov
- Allium monanthum Maxim. – Korean wild chive[5]
- Allium mongolicum Regel
- Allium monophyllum Vved. ex Czerniak.
- Allium montanostepposum N.Friesen & Seregin
- Allium montelburzense R.M.Fritsch, Salmaki & Zarre
- Allium montibaicalense N.Friesen
- Allium monticola Davidson – San Bernardino mountain onion
- Allium moschatum L.
- Allium mozaffarianii Maroofi & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium multibulbosum Jacq. syn. A. nigrum
- Allium multiflorum Desf.
- Allium munzii (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal – Munz's allium
- Allium murat-sonayi Balos, Sonay & C.Çeçen
- Allium muratozelii Armağan[8]
- Allium myrianthum Boiss.
N
[edit]- Allium najafdaricum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium nanodes Airy Shaw
- Allium naqabense Al-Eisawi & Omar
- Allium narcissiflorum Vill.
- Allium nathaliae Seregin
- Allium nazarenum C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso & Salmeri
- Allium neapolitanum Cirillo – white garlic, Daffodil garlic, Flowering onion
- Allium nebrodense Guss.
- Allium nebularum Stepanov
- Allium negevense Kollmann
- Allium negianum A.Pandey, K.M.Rai, Malav & S.Rajkumar[9]
- Allium nemrutdaghense Kit Tan & Sorger
- Allium neodenticulatum Idrees & Z.Yong Zhang
- Allium nerimaniae Koçyigit & E.Kaya
- Allium neriniflorum (Herb.) G.Don
- Allium nevadense S.Watson – Nevada onion
- Allium nevii S.Watson – Nevius' garlic
- Allium nevsehirense Koyuncu & Kollmann
- Allium nevskianum Vved. ex Wendelbo
- Allium nigrum L. – black garlic
- Allium nikolaii F.O.Khass. & Achilova
- Allium noeanum Reut. ex Regel
- Allium notabile Feinbrun
- Allium nuratavicum (R.M.Fritsch & Beshko) Beshko
- Allium nuristanicum Kitam.
- Allium nutans L.
O
[edit]- Allium obliquum L. – twistedleaf garlic
- Allium obtusiflorum Redouté
- Allium obtusum Lemmon – red Sierran onion
- Allium ochotense Prokh. – myeongyi,[5] Siberian onion[5]
- Allium oleraceum L. – field garlic
- Allium oliganthum Kar. & Kir.
- Allium olivieri Boiss.
- Allium oltense Grossh.
- Allium olympicum Boiss.
- Allium omeiense Z.Y.Zhu
- Allium opacum Rech.f.
- Allium ophiophyllum Vved.
- Allium oporinanthum Brullo
- Allium optimae Greuter
- Allium oreodictyum Vved.
- Allium oreophiloides Regel
- Allium oreophilum C.A.Mey.
- Allium oreoprasoides Vved.
- Allium oreoprasum Schrenk
- Allium oreoscordum Vved.
- Allium oreotadzhikorum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium orestis Kalpoutz.
- Allium orientale Boiss.
- Allium orientoiranicum Neshati
- Allium orunbaii F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium oschaninii O.Fedtsch.
- Allium ovalifolium Hand.-Mazz.
- Allium ownbeyi Traub
P
[edit]- Allium paepalanthoides Airy Shaw
- Allium palentinum Losa & P.Monts.
- Allium pallasii Murray
- Allium pallens L.
- Allium pamiricum Wendelbo
- Allium pangasicum Turak.
- Allium paniculatum L.
- Allium panjaoense Wendelbo
- Allium papillare Boiss.
- Allium paradoxum (M.Bieb.) G.Don – few-flowered leek
- Allium parciflorum Viv.
- Allium pardoi Loscos
- Allium parishii S.Watson – Parish's onion
- Allium parnassicum (Boiss.) Halácsy
- Allium parryi S.Watson – Parry's Fringed onion
- Allium parvulum Vved.
- Allium parvum Kellogg – small onion
- Allium passeyi N.H.Holmgren & A.H.Holmgren – Passey's onion
- Allium pendulinum Ten. – Italian garlic
- Allium peninsulare Lemmon ex Greene – Mexicali onion
- Allium pentadactyli Brullo
- Allium perdulce S.V.Fraser – plains onion
- Allium permixtum Guss.
- Allium peroninianum Azn.
- Allium pervestitum Klokov
- Allium petraeum Kar. & Kir.
- Allium petri F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium pevtzovii Prokh.
- Allium phalereum Heldr. & Sart.
- Allium phanerantherum Boiss. & Hausskn.
- Allium phariense Rendle
- Allium phitosianum Brullo & al.
- Allium phrygium Boiss. & Balansa
- Allium phthioticum Boiss. & Heldr.
- Allium pictistamineum O.Schwarz
- Allium pilosum Sm.
- Allium platakisii Tzanoud. & Kypr.
- Allium platycaule S.Watson – broadstemmed onion
- Allium platyspathum Schrenk
- Allium plummerae S.Watson – Tanners canyon onion
- Allium plurifoliatum Rendle
- Allium podolicum Blocki ex Racib. & Szafer
- Allium pogonotepalum Wendelbo
- Allium polyanthum Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium polyrhizum Turcz. ex Regel
- Allium ponticum Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium popovii Vved.
- Allium potosiense Traub
- Allium praecox Brandegee – early onion
- Allium praemixtum Vved.
- Allium prattii C.H.Wright
- Allium proponticum Stearn & Özhatay
- Allium prostratum Trevir.
- Allium protensum Wendelbo
- Allium pruinatum Link ex Spreng.
- Allium przewalskianum Regel
- Allium psebaicum Mikheev
- Allium pseudoalbidum N.Friesen & Özhatay
- Allium pseudoampeloprasum Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium pseudobodeanum R.M.Fritsch & Matin
- Allium pseudocalyptratum Mouterde
- Allium pseudoflavum Vved.
- Allium pseudofraseri T.M.Howard
- Allium pseudojaponicum Makino – coastal chive[5]
- Allium pseudophanerantherum Rech.f.
- Allium pseudosenescens H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh
- Allium pseudostamineum Kollmann & Shmida
- Allium pseudostrictum Albov
- Allium pseudowinklerianum R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass.
- Allium pskemense B.Fedtsch.
- Allium pueblanum Traub
- Allium pumilum Vved.
- Allium punctum L.F.Hend. – dotted onion
- Allium purpureoviride Koyuncu & I.Genç
- Allium pustulosum Boiss. & Hausskn.
- Allium pyrenaicum Costa & Vayr.
Q
[edit]- Allium qasyunense Mouterde
R
[edit]- Allium ramazanicum Parsa
- Allium ramosum L. – fragrant-flowered garlic
- Allium rausii Brullo & al.
- Allium ravenii F.O.Khass.
- Allium rechingeri Wendelbo
- Allium reconditum Pastor
- Allium regelianum A.K.Becker
- Allium regelii Trautv.
- Allium registanicum Wendelbo
- Allium retrorsum (Özhatay & Kollmann) Brullo
- Allium reuterianum Boiss.
- Allium rhabdotum Stearn
- Allium rhetoreanum Nábelek
- Allium rhizomatum Wooton & Standl.
- Allium rhodiacum Brullo
- Allium rhodopeum Velen.
- Allium rhynchogynum Diels
- Allium rinae F.O.Khass.
- Allium ritsi Iatroú & Tzanoud.
- Allium robertianum Kollmann
- Allium robinsonii L.F.Hend. – Robinson's onion
- Allium roborowskianum Regel
- Allium robustum Kar. & Kir.
- Allium rollovii Grossh.
- Allium rosenbachianum Regel
- Allium rosenorum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium roseum L. – rosy garlic
- Allium rothii Zucc.
- Allium rotundum L.
- Allium rouyi Gaut.
- Allium roylei Stearn
- Allium rubellum M.Bieb.
- Allium rubens Schrad. ex Willd.
- Allium rubrovittatum Boiss. & Heldr.
- Allium rude J.M.Xu
- Allium ruhmerianum Asch. ex E.A.Durand & Barratte
- Allium rumelicum Koçyigit & Özhatay
- Allium runemarkii Trigas & Tzanoud.
- Allium runyonii Ownbey – Runyon's onion
- Allium rupestre Steven
- Allium rupestristepposum N.Friesen
- Allium rupicola Boiss. ex Mouterde
S
[edit]- Allium sabulosum Steven ex Bunge
- Allium sabzakense Wendelbo
- Allium sacculiferum Maxim. – northern plain chive,[5] triangular chive[5]
- Allium sairamense Regel
- Allium salinum A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov
- Allium samothracicum Tzanoud.
- Allium samurense Tscholok.
- Allium sanbornii Alph.Wood – Sanborn's onion
- Allium sandrasicum Kollmann
- Allium sannineum Gomb.
- Allium saposhnikovii Nikitina
- Allium saralicum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium sarawschanicum Regel
- Allium sativum L. – cultivated garlic
- Allium savii Parl.
- Allium saxatile M.Bieb.
- Allium scaberrimum M.Serres
- Allium scabriflorum Boiss.
- Allium scabriscapum Boiss.
- Allium schachimardanicum Vved.
- Allium schergianum Boiss.
- Allium schischkinii Sobolevsk.
- Allium schmitzii Cout.
- Allium schoenoprasoides Regel
- Allium schoenoprasum L. – wild chive
- Allium schrenkii Regel
- Allium schubertii Zucc. – Schubert's garlic
- Allium schugnanicum Vved.
- Allium scilloides Douglas ex S.Watson – fragile onion
- Allium scorodoprasum L. – sand leek, rocambole, Korean pickled-peel garlic[5]
- Allium scorzonerifolium Desf. ex Redouté
- Allium scotostemon Wendelbo
- Allium scrobiculatum Vved.
- Allium semenovii Regel
- Allium senescens L. – aging chive,[5] German garlic
- Allium sergii Vved.
- Allium serra McNeal & Ownbey – jeweled onion
- Allium setifolium Schrenk
- Allium severtzovioides R.M.Fritsch
- Allium sewerzowii Regel
- Allium sharsmithiae (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) McNeal – Mount Hamilton onion
- Allium shatakiense Rech.f.
- Allium shelkovnikovii Grossh.
- Allium shevockii McNeal – Spanish needle onion
- Allium shirnakiense Behçet & Rüstem.
- Allium sibthorpianum Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium siculum Ucria
- Allium sieheanum Hausskn. ex Kollmann
- Allium sikkimense Baker
- Allium simillimum L.F.Hend. – Simil onion
- Allium sinaiticum Boiss.
- Allium sindjarense Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Regel
- Allium sinkiangense F.T.Wang & Y.C.Tang
- Allium sintenisii Freyn
- Allium siphonanthum J.M.Xu
- Allium sipyleum Boiss.
- Allium siskiyouense Ownbey ex Traub – Siskiyou onion
- Allium sivasicum Özhatay & Kollmann
- Allium sochense R.M.Fritsch & U.Turak.
- Allium songpanicum J.M.Xu
- Allium sordidiflorum Vved.
- Allium sosnovskyanum Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium spathaceum Steud. ex A.Rich.
- Allium spathulatum F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium speculae Ownbey & Aase – little River Canyon onion
- Allium sphaerocephalon L. – round-headed leek, round-headed garlic, Ball-head onion
- Allium spicatum (Prain) N.Friesen
- Allium spirale Willd. – Korean aging chive[5]
- Allium spirophyllum Wendelbo
- Allium splendens Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f. – glittering chive[5]
- Allium sprengeri Regel
- Allium spurium G.Don
- Allium stamineum Boiss.
- Allium staticiforme Sm.
- Allium stearnianum Koyuncu
- Allium stellatum Nutt. ex Ker Gawl. – autumn onion, prairie onion
- Allium stellerianum Willd.
- Allium stenopetalum Boiss. & Kotschy ex Regel
- Allium stephanophorum Vved.
- Allium stipitatum Regel
- Allium stocksianum Boiss.
- Allium stoloniferum Ownbey & T.D.Jacobson
- Allium stracheyi Baker
- Allium strictum Schrad.
- Allium struzlianum Ogan.
- Allium stylosum O.Schwarz
- Allium suaveolens Jacq.
- Allium subakaka Razyfard & Zarre
- Allium subangulatum Regel
- Allium subhirsutum L.
- Allium subkopetdagense (R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass.) R.M.Fritsch
- Allium subnotabile Wendelbo
- Allium subtilissimum Ledeb.
- Allium subvillosum Salzm. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
- Allium sulphureum Vved.
- Allium suworowii Regel
- Allium svetlanae Vved. ex Filim.
- Allium synnotii G.Don
- Allium szovitsii Regel
T
[edit]- Allium taciturnum Vved.
- Allium taeniopetalum Popov & Vved.
- Allium taishanense J.M.Xu
- Allium talassicum Regel
- Allium talijevii Klokov
- Allium talyschense Miscz. ex Grossh.
- Allium tanguticum Regel
- Allium taquetii H.Lév. & Vaniot – Halla chive[5]
- Allium tardans Greuter & Zahar.
- Allium tardiflorum Kollmann & Shmida
- Allium tarkhankuticum Seregin
- Allium tashkenticum F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch
- Allium tauricola Boiss.
- Allium tchihatschewii Boiss.
- Allium tekesicola Regel
- Allium tel-avivense Eig
- Allium telaponense Traub
- Allium telmatum Bogdanovic
- Allium tenuicaule Regel
- Allium tenuiflorum Ten.
- Allium tenuissimum L.
- Allium teretifolium Regel
- Allium texanum T.M.Howard
- Allium textile A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. – textile onion
- Allium therinanthum Brullo
- Allium thessalicum Brullo & al.
- Allium thunbergii G.Don – Thunberg's chive[5]
- Allium tianschanicum Rupr.
- Allium togashii H.Hara
- Allium tokaliense Kamelin & Levichev
- Allium tolmiei Baker – Tolm's onion
- Allium tourneuxii Chabert
- Allium trachycoleum Wendelbo
- Allium trachyscordum Vved.
- Allium transvestiens Vved.
- Allium traubii T.M.Howard
- Allium trautvetterianum Regel
- Allium tribracteatum Torr. – threebract onion
- Allium trichocnemis J.Gay
- Allium tricoccum Aiton – wild leek, ramp
- Allium trifoliatum Cirillo
- Allium trifurcatum (F.T.Wang & Tang) J.M.Xu
- Allium tripedale Trautv.
- Allium tripterum Nasir
- Allium triquetrum L. – threecorner leek, Three-cornered leek
- Allium truncatum (Feinbrun) Kollmann & D.Zohary
- Allium tschimganicum B.Fedtsch.
- Allium tschulaktavicum Bajtenov & Nelina
- Allium tubergenii Freyn
- Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. – Chinese Chive, garlic Chive, Oriental garlic
- Allium tubiflorum Rendle
- Allium tuchalense F.O.Khass. & Noroozi
- Allium tulipifolium Ledeb.
- Allium tuncelianum (Kollmann) Özhatay
- Allium tuolumnense (Ownbey & Aase ex Traub) S.S.Denison & McNeal – serpentine onion
- Allium turcicum Özhatay & Cowley
- Allium turcomanicum Regel
- Allium turkestanicum Regel
- Allium turtschicum Regel
- Allium tuvinicum (N.Friesen) N.Friesen
- Allium tytthanthum Vved.
- Allium tytthocephalum Schult. & Schult.f.
U
[edit]- Allium ubipetrense R.M.Fritsch
- Allium ubsicola Regel
- Allium umbilicatum Boiss.
- Allium undulatipetalum İ.Genç & N.Özhatay
- Allium unifolium Kellogg – oneleaf onion, one-leaved onion
- Allium urmiense Kamelin & Seisums
- Allium ursinum L. – ramson, buckram
V
[edit]- Allium valdecallosum Maire & Weiller
- Allium valdesianum Brullo
- Allium valentinae Pavlov
- Allium validum S.Watson – Pacific onion, swamp onion
- Allium vallivanchense R.M.Fritsch & N.Friesen
- Allium variegatum Boiss.
- Allium vasilevskajae Ogan.
- Allium vavilovii Popov & Vved.
- Allium verticillatum Regel
- Allium vescum Wendelbo
- Allium victorialis L. – victory onion, Alpine leek, alpine broad-leaf allium[5]
- Allium victoris Vved.
- Allium vineale L. – wild garlic, crow garlic, Stag's garlic
- Allium vinicolor Wendelbo
- Allium virgunculae Maek. & Kitam.
- Allium viridiflorum Pobed.
- Allium viridulum Ledeb.
- Allium vodopjanovae N.Friesen
- Allium vvedenskyanum Pavlov
W
[edit]- Allium wallichii Kunth
- Allium warzobicum Kamelin
- Allium weissii Boiss.
- Allium wendelboanum Kollmann
- Allium wendelboi Matin
- Allium weschniakowii Regel
- Allium wiedemannianum Regel
- Allium willeanum Holmboe
- Allium winklerianum Regel
- Allium woronowii Miscz. ex Grossh.
X
[edit]- Allium xiangchengense J.M.Xu
- Allium xichuanense J.M.Xu
- Allium xiphopetalum Aitch. & Baker
Y
[edit]- Allium yanchiense J.M.Xu
- Allium yildirimlii Dural
- Allium yongdengense J.M.Xu
- Allium yosemitense Eastw. – Yosemite onion
- Allium yuanum F.T.Wang & Tang
Z
[edit]- Allium zagricum R.M.Fritsch
- Allium zaissanicum Kotukhov
- Allium zaprjagajevii Kassacz
- Allium zebdanense Boiss. & Noë
- Allium zergericum F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch
References
[edit]
Wikispecies has information related to List of Allium species.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Allium.
- ^ "The Plant List, Allium".
- ^ Peterson, PM, CR Annable, LH Rieseberg. 1988. Systematic relationships and nomenclatural changes in the 'Allium douglasii' complex. Systematic Botany 13:207-214. Archived 2010-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Allium L.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
- ^ "Allium akirense N.Friesen & Fragman". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. pp. 347–348. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
- ^ McNeal, Dale W. & Jacobsen, T.D. Jr. "Allium bigelovii". Flora of North America. Retrieved 2014-03-19.
- ^ "Allium bigelowii". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-03-19.
- ^ Armağan, Metin. "Allium muratozelii (Amaryllidaceae), A New Species from Turkey". Phytotaxa. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.498.4.3. S2CID 235548270.
- ^ Pandey, Anjula; Rai, K. Madhav; Malav, Pavan Kumar; Rajkumar, S. (2021). "Allium negianum (Amaryllidaceae): a new species under subg. Rhizirideum from Uttarakhand Himalaya, India". PhytoKeys (183): 77–93. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.183.65433. PMC 8536611. PMID 34720632. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
| Onion cultivars | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Onion species | |||
| Onion food | |||
| Garlic cultivars | |||
| Garlic species |
| ||
| Garlic food | |||
| Garlic and onion constituents | |||
| Related |
| ||
